Mobile television Essay

wandering tv set is television watched on a small handheld or erratic construction. It includes pay TV ser ill-doing delivered via lively phone networks or stock throw overboard-to-air via terrestrial television site. Regular broadcast standards or special smooth TV transmission arranges can be apply. Additional features include downloading TV programs and podcasts from the internet and the ability to store schedule for later viewing. According to the Harvard Business Review, the growing adoption of smartphones allowed users to watch as much mobile video in just three days of the 2010 Winter Olympics as they watched throughout the entire 2008 Summer Olympics an increase of 564%.1DMB in South KoreaHistoryThe premiere-class honours degree pocket-sized mobile television was sold to the public by Clive Sinclair in January 1977. It was called the Microvision or the MTV-1. It had a 2-inch CRT screen and was in any case the first television which could crack up up signals in multiple countries. It measured 10215941mm and was sold for less than 100 in the UK and for rough $400 in the US. The project took over ten years to develop and was funded by around 1.6 million in British Government grants.23 active TV is one of the features provided by many 3G phones. In 2002, South Korea became the first country in the world to have a commercial mobile TV CDMA IS95-C network, and mobile TV over 3G (CDMA2000 1X EVDO) also became available that same year.In 2005, South Korea also became the first country in the world to have mobile TV when it started air DMB (S-DMB) and terrestrial DMB (T-DMB) services on May 1 and celestial latitude 1, respectively. Today, South Korea and Japan are at the forefront of this developing sector.4 peregrine TV services were launched by the operator CSL in Hong Kong, March 2006, on the 3G network.5 BT in the United landed estate was the among the first companies outside South Korea to launch supple TV in September 2006, although the service was throw away less than a year later.6 The same happened to MFD vigorouss Fernsehen Deutschland, who launched their DMB-based service June 2006 in Germany, and stopped it in April 2008.7Also in June 2006, mobile operator 3 in Italy (part of Hutchison Whampoa) launched their mobile TV service, but opposed to their counterpart in Germany this was based on DVB-H.8 Sprint started notching the service in February 2006 and was the first US carrier to offer the service. In the US Verizon Wireless and more recently AT&T are offering the service. In South Korea, mobile TV is largely divided into satellite DMB (S-DMB) and terrestrial DMB (T-DMB). Although S-DMB initially had more content, T-DMB has gained much wider popularity because it is free and included as a feature in most mobile handsets sold in the country today.ChallengesMobile TV usage can be divided into three classes Fixed Watched succession not moving, possibly moved when not being watched Nomadic Watched s pell moving slowly (e.g. walking) Mobile Watched when moving quickly (e.g. in a car) Each of these pose different challenges.Device Manufacturers challenges Power consumption Continuous receipt, decoding, and display of video requires continuous power, and cannot benefit from all of the types of optimizations that are used to reduce power consumption for data and voice services. Memory To support the large buffer requirements of mobile TV. Currently available memory capabilities will not be suited for long hours of mobile TV viewing. Furthermore, potential future applications like peer-to-peer video sharing in mobile phones and consumer broadcasting would definitely add together to the increasing memory requirements. The existing P2P algorithms wont be enough for mobile devices, necessitating the advent of mobile P2P algorithms. There is one start-up technology that claims patentability on its mobile P2P, but has not drawn attention from device manufacturers moreover. Displa y Larger and higher-resolution displays are necessary for a good viewing experience. Processing power significantly more touchor performance is required for mobile TV than that used for UI and simple applications, like browsers and messaging. study Providers challenges Mobile TV specific content Mobisodes mobile episodes of popular shows which are relatively shorter (3 to 5 minutes), to suit the likely viewing habits of the mobile TV user.Digital TVNorth the StatesAs of January 2012, there are 120 displace in the United States broadcasting using the ATSC-M/H Mobile DTV standard a mobile and handheld enhancement to the HDTV standard that improves handling of multipath folie while mobile.9 The defunct MediaFLO used COFDM broadcast on UHF TV channel 55. Like satellite TV, it was encrypted and controlled by conditional access (provided via the mobile phoneular network). It required a subscription for each mobile device, and was limited to the AT&T Mobility or Verizon Wireless networks.Broadcast mobile DTV developmentWhile MediaFLO uses the TV spectrum and MobiTV used cell phone networks,10 mobile DTV (ATSC-M/H) uses the digital TV spectrum. At the National crosstie of Broadcasters (NAB) show in April 2007 in Las Vegas, the ATSC and 8VSB methods for delivering mobile DTV were shown. A-VSB ( mature VSB), from Samsung and Rohde & Schwarz, was shown at the previous years show. In 2007, LG, whose Zenith Electronics came up with 8VSB, introduced (with Harris theme) its Mobile-Pedestrian-Handheld (MPH) system. As the broadcast networks began qualification their content available online, mobile DTV meant post would have an early(a) way to compete. Sinclair Broadcast Group tested A-VSB in fall 2006, and its KVCW and KVMY were participating in the mobile DTV product demonstrations at the NAB show. A-VSB had worked in buses at the 2007 Consumer ElectronicsMobile television Show. ION Media Networks started a test station on channel 38, which was to be used for digital LPTV, to use for a single-frequency network (SFN). In some areas, more than one TV transmitter would be needed to cover all areas. Mobile DTV could have been used at that time because it would not modify HDTV reception. A single standard, however, had to be developed.11 At the Consumer Electronics Show in January 2009, the first prototype devices from LG and other manufacturers were demonstrated, including receivers for cars from Kenwood, Visteon and Delphi. It was announced that 63 send in 22 markets would debut the service in 2009. Gannett transmit professorship David Lougee pointed out that many of those att odditying the inauguration of Barack Obama would likely hear him but not impinge on him had the unsanded-fangled technology been in place, this would not have been a problem.12In April 2009, the Open Mobile Video Coalition, do up of over 800 broadcast stations, selected four test stations Gannetts WATL and IONs WPXA-TV in Atlanta, and pekan Communications KOM O-TV and Belos KONG-TV in Seattle. WPXA had begun mobile DTV broadcasting on April 1. The others would start in May.13 Later in 2009, ION say it was making available HDTV, standard definition and Mobile DTV streams using its colligates in spic-and-span York metropolis and Washington, D.C. The triple-play concept was part of an effort to create a Mobile DTV standard. At the time, only those with prototype receivers could pick up the streams. ION Chairman and CEO Brandon Burgess said mobile DTV lets stations think beyond the liveness room and bring live television and real time knowledge to consumers wherever they may be.14 The Advanced Television Systems Committee started work on mobile DTV standards in May 2007, and manufacturers and sellers worked quickly to make the new technology a reality.The OMVC persuaded LG and Samsung to work together starting in May 2008 so that differing systems (possibly a self-destructing format war) would not delay or kill the technology. Early in July 2009, the ATSC Technology and Standards Group approved the ATSC-M/H standard for mobile DTV which all members green-lighted October 15. The public could be using the new devices by 2010, though notice TV on cell phones seemed unlikely in the near future since telephone manufacturers did not yet include that capability. The technology was expected to be used for polls and even voting.1516 By the end of the year, the ATSC and the Consumer Electronics Association began identifying products meeting the standard with MDTV.17 Paul Karpowicz, NAB Television Board chairman and president of Meredith Broadcast Group, said This milestone ushers in the new era of digital television broadcasting, giving local TV stations and networks new opportunities to reach viewers on the go.This will introduce the power of local broadcasting to a new generation of viewers and provide all-important emergency alert, local news and other programming to consumers across the nation.16 Later in July, the fir st multi-station tests began in Washington, D.C., while single stations in New York City and Raleigh, North Carolina already offered mobile DTV. The OMVC chose Atlantas WATL and Seattles KONG as model stations where product scrutiny could take place. 70 stations in 28 media markets think streams by the end of 2009. The Washington test would involve WPXW-TV, WUSA, WDCA, WRC-TV, WHUT-TV, WNUV in Baltimore, and WNVT, a part of MHz Networks, a multicasting service.All of the stations would have two of more channels each, with electronic service guide and alert data among the services. 20 sellers of equipment would use these stations to test using the existing standard, but testing the final standard would coiffe later, and tests by the public would happen in 2010, when many more devices would be ready. Obviously, manufacturing large numbers of the devices could not take place without the final standard. LG, however, began mass-producing chips in June. ION technology vice president Br ett Jenkins said, Were really at a stage like the initial launch of DTV back in 1998.There are closely going to be more transmitters transmitting mobile than receive devices on the market, and thats probably what youll see for the next six to nine months. Devices would eventually include USB dongles, netbooks, portable DVD players and in-car displays.18 White House officials and members of sexual relation saw the triple-play concept in an ION demonstration on July 28, 2009 in conjunction with the OMVC.1920 Another demonstration took place October 16, 2009 with journalists, industry executives and broadcasters riding around Washington, D.C. in a bus with prototype devices. include were those who would be testing the devices in the Washington andBaltimore markets in January 2010.21 On August 7, 2009, blackberry service began on six TV stationsWISH-TV in Indianapolis WAVY-TV in Hampton Roads, Virginia KRQE in Albuquerque, New Mexico WANE-TV in Fort Wayne, Indiana WALA-TV in Mobile, Alabama and KXAN-TV in Austin, Texas. 27 other stations will eventually offer the service, and LIN TV, which developed the BlackBerry service, has an iPhone application platformned.20 By October, 30 stations were airing mobile DTV signals, and that number was expected to be 50 by year-end. Also in the same month, FCC chair Julius Genachowski announced efforts to increase the amount of spectrum available to receiving set services.16 Also in August, WTVE and Axcera began testing a single-frequency network (SFN) with multiple transmitters using the new mobile standard.The RNN affiliate in Reading, Pennsylvania had used this concept since 2007.22 Richard Mertz of Cavell, Mertz & Associates says VHF wont work as closely for mobile DTV because a 15-inch antenna or some other solution would be required, although he has comprehend from people who had no problems. An amplified antenna or higher power for the transmitting station would likely be needed, as well as repeater stations where terrain is a problem.23 Lougee, whose company planned testing in its 19 markets in 2010, said the chip designs with the new devices made targeted advertising possible.21 In December 2009, idea Enterprises introduced the first Mobile DTV tuner for automobiles. Unlike earlier units, this one will provide a legislate picture without pixilation in a fast-moving vehicle, using an LG M/H chip and a one-inch roof-mounted antenna. No subscription wil be required.24Also in December, the Consumer Electronics Association hosted a plugfest in Washington, D.C. to allow manufacturers to test various devices. More than 15 companies, and engineers from different countries, tested four transmission systems, 12 receiver systems, and four software types.1725 On December 1, News Corp. chairman Rupert Murdoch said mobile DTV would be important to the future of all journalism, and he planned to offer TV and possibly newspaper content in this way.26 At the January 2010 Consumer Electronics Show, NAB hea d Gordon H. smith disputed the idea that broadcastings days were numbered, calling mobile DTV the proof over-the-air television would confront its popularity. He said people would use cell phones and other devices to watch, and broadcast technology would be the outgo way to do this. Wireless broadband, which some wanted to replace broadcasting, would not be able to cover the demand for video services.27 IONs Burgess showed off one of the first iPhones confident of receiving mobile DTV, while IONs Jenkins showed an LG Maze and a Valups Tivit the latter sends signals to the iPod Touch and will soon work with the Google Nexus.28 Sinclair Broadcast Group director of advanced technology tick Aitken said the mobile DTV concept of multiple transmitters would help free up spectrum for wireless broadband in rural areas but not large cities.He also explained to the FCC that mobile DTV was the best method for sending out live video to those using cell phones and equal devices.29 The OMV Cs Mobile DTV Consumer slip began May 3, 2010 and lasted all summer. Nine stations planned to distribute 20 programs, including local and network shows as well as cable programs, to Samsung Moment phones. Dell Netbooks and Valups Tivits also received programming.30 On September 23, 2010, Media General began its first MDTV service at WCMH-TV in Columbus, Ohio and had plans to do the same a month later at WFLA-TV in the Tampa Bay, Florida area and five to seven more stations in its portfolio.31On November 19, 2010, a joint venture of 12 major broadcasters, known as the Mobile cloy Venture, announced plans to upgrade TV stations in 20 markets representing 40 percent of the United States population to deliver live video to portable devices by the end of 2011.32 Brian Lawlor, a Scripps TV senior vice president, said that, in September 2011, Scripps stations would offer an app allowing people with an iPhone or iPad to see emergency tuition (e.g. weather bulletins) in the event of a po wer outage.33 In 2012, a number of stations plan to conduct tests of the Mobile Emergency Alert System (M-EAS), a system to deliver emergency information via mobile DTV.34 In January, 2012, the MCV announced that MetroPCS would offer MCVs Dyle mobile DTV service.Samsung planned an Android phone capable of receiving this service late in 2012.35 At the end of 2012, Dyle was in 35markets and capable of reaching 55 percent of viewers.36 At the NAB show in April 2012, MCV announced that 17 additional television stations will launch mobile DTV, bringing the total to 92, covering more than 55% of US homes. Included are stations in three new markets Austin, Texas, Boston, Massachusetts, and Dayton, Ohio.37 In September 2012, WRAL-TV announced rollout of a Mobile Emergency Alert System based around mobile digital television technology.38 A process called Syncbak uses cell phones rather than TV spectrum.39References1 2 3 4 Looking for TV Genius? Red Bee Media (http/ / www. tvgenius. net/ bl og/ 2011/ 01/ 31/ 4-ways-smartphones-save-tv/ ) Clives achievements (http/ / www. sinclair-research. co. uk/ about-srl. php) Sinclair Research Video and TV gear (http/ / www. retrothing. com/ video_tv/ index. html), Retrothing.com NYTimes.com via Yahoo Finance Mobile TV spread head in Europe and to the U.S. (http/ / biz. yahoo. com/ nytimes/ 080506/ 1194771946810. html?. v=18), May 6, 2008 5 3G UK The service is based on the Golden high-octane Enterprises Ltd. (http/ / www. 3g. co. uk/ PR/ March2006/ 2732. htm)s VOIR Portal (http/ / find obliges. com/ p/ expressions/ mi_m0EIN/ is_2006_Dec_4/ ai_n16881105) and follows the 3GPP standard 3G-324 M. The same service is also deployed to Philippines in 2007. 6 ZDnet BT ditches mobile TV service (http/ / news. zdnet. co. uk/ communications/ 0,1000000085,39288247,00. htm), 26 July 2007 7 Broadband TV news MFD hands back German T-DMB licence (http/ / www. broadbandtvnews. com/ ?p=4682), May 1, 2008 8 The Register DVB-H rockets ahead in Ita ly (http/ / www. theregister. co. uk/ 2006/ 07/ 28/ dvbh_success_in_italy/ ), 28 July 2006 9 OMVC announces sizable egress in number of MDTV stations at CES RF content from Broadcast Engineering (http/ / broadcastengineering. com/ RF/ OMVC-mobile-DTV-presence-announces-growth-CES-01192012/ index. html) 10 Thompson, Mark (2010-06-03). mobile tv cell phone networks (http/ / mobitv. com/ technology/ managed-service-platform). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2010-06-03. 11 Dickson, Glen (2007-04-14). NAB Mobile DTV Hits the Strip (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ denomination/ 108538-NAB_Mobile_DTV_Hits_the_Strip. php). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-07-21. 12 Dickson, Glen (2009-01-11). CES Broadcasters Mobile DTV Moment (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 161893-CES_Broadcasters_Mobile_DTV_Moment. php?rssid=20102& q=broadcasters+ mobile+ dtv+ moment). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-12-03. 13 Dickson, Glen (2009-04-20). NAB 2009 Broadcasters Set Mobi le DTV streamlet Markets (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 209447-NAB_2009_Broadcasters_Set_Mobile_DTV_Test_Markets. php?rssid=20068&q=broadcasters+ set+ mobile+ dtv+ test+ markets). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-12-17. 14 Dickson, Glen (2009-06-29). ION Broadcasts Mobile DTV in N.Y., D.C. Hails Its Digital TV threesome Play (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 307120-ION_Broadcasts_Mobile_DTV_in_N_Y_D_C_. php?rssid=20068& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-07-02. 15 Dickson, Glen (2009-07-06). ATSC-M/H voted to proposed standard status (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 307463-Mobile_DTV_is_Almost_ byicial. php?rssid=20065& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-07-08. 16 Dickson, Glen (2009-10-16). Mobile DTV Standard Approved (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 358341-Mobile_DTV_Standard_Approved. php?rssid=20292& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-10-16. 17 Dickson, G len (2009-12-16). ATSC Launches Certification Program For Mobile DTV (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 440764-ATSC_Launches_Certification_Program_For_Mobile_DTV. php?rssid=20102& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-12-17. 18 Dickson, Glen (2009-07-13). Special Report Mobile DTV Heats Up (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 314792-Special_Report_Mobile_DTV_Heats_Up. php). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-07-15. 19 Dickson, Glen (2009-07-22). ION, OMVC Organize DTV Showcase in D.C. (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 316065-ION_OMVC_Organize_DTV_Showcase_in_D_C_. php?rssid=20068& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-07-22. 20 Eggerton, John (2009-08-07). LIN TV Develops Blackberry App For Mobile TV wait on (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 326796-LIN_TV_Develops_Blackberry_App_For_Mobile_TV_Service. php?q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-08-11. 21 Eggerton, John (2009-10-16). OMVC Does Mobile DTV Tour (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 358415-OMVC_Does_Mobile_DTV_Tour. php?rssid=20103& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-10-23. 22 Dickson, Glen (2009-12-18). WTVE Tests SFN For Mobile DTV (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 441031-WTVE_Tests_SFN_For_Mobile_DTV. php?rssid=20065& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2010-01-13. 23 Jessell, Harry A. (2009-09-24). Digital VHF Needs A Power emanation (http/ / www. tvnewscheck. com/ articles/ 2009/ 09/ 24/ daily. 2/ ). TVNewsCheck. . Retrieved 2009-10-15. 24 Gilroy, Amy (2009-11-09). First Mobile DTV Car Tuner At $499 (http/ / www. twice. com/ article/ 388144-First_Mobile_DTV_Car_Tuner_At_499. php/ ). TWICE. . Retrieved 2009-11-10. 25 Dickson, Glen (2009-12-02). Mobile DTV Picks Up Speed (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 394993-Mobile_DTV_Picks_Up_Speed. php?rssid=20068& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-12-03. 26 Eggerton , John (2009-12-01). Murdoch Says Mobile TV Is Key to Future (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 391233-Murdoch_Says_Mobile_TV_Is_Key_to_Future. php?rssid=20070& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2009-12-03. 27 Dickson, Glen (2010-01-07). CES 2010 Broadcasters Tout Mobile DTV Progress (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 442953-CES_2010_Broadcasters_Tout_Mobile_DTV_Progress. php?rssid=20068& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2010-01-13. 28 Dickson, Glen (2010-01-09). NAB Shows Off New Spectrum Applications (http/ / www. broadcastingcable. com/ article/ 443352-NAB_Shows_Off_New_Spectrum_Applications. php?rssid=20068& q=digital+ tv). Broadcasting & Cable. . Retrieved 2010-01-13.